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|name= Marshall College |
|name= Marshall College |
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|image=[[File:MarshallCollege.jpg|250px]] |
|image=[[File:MarshallCollege.jpg|250px]] |
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| − | |located=1636 [[Marshall Road]], [[Bedford]], [[Connecticut]], [[United States of America|USA]]<ref> |
+ | |located=1636 [[Marshall Road]], [[Bedford]], [[Connecticut]], [[United States of America|USA]]<ref>{{Hasbro|set=Indiana Jones action figures|sformat=''Indiana Jones'' action figures|packname=The Lost Wave}}</ref><ref>''[[Indiana Jones Cryptic]]''</ref> |
| − | |locations within= |
+ | |locations within=*[[Woolley Hall]]<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook">''[[Raiders of the Lost Ark Sourcebook]]''</ref> |
| + | **Classroom [[113]]<ref name="KotCS">''[[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull]]''</ref><br> |
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|residents= |
|residents= |
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|artifacts= |
|artifacts= |
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}} |
}} |
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| + | {{Quote|Sapientia et lux|The Marshall College motto, "''wisdom and light''"|Production Diary: Making of "The Kingdom of the Crystal Skull"}} |
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| − | '''Marshall College''' was a college in [[Bedford]], [[Connecticut]]. It was one of the schools where [[Indiana Jones]] taught as a professor of [[archaeology]]. [[Marcus Brody]] served as Dean of Students and was later succeeded by [[Charles Stanforth]]. The college had its own museum, which was a branch of the [[National Museum]].<ref name="UG">''[[Indiana Jones: The Ultimate Guide]]''</ref> Brody also served as curator of the museum and paid for many of the minor artifacts that Jones retrieved on his expeditions. The college was governed by a Board of Regents. |
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| + | '''Marshall College''' was an [[United States of America|American]] university and liberal arts college in [[Bedford]], [[Connecticut]]. It was one of the schools where [[Indiana Jones]] taught as a professor of [[archaeology]] and was governed by a [[Board of Regents]]. |
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| + | |||
| + | The college hosted the state's branch of the [[National Museum]]. There, [[Marcus Brody]] served as curator of the museum and paid for many of the minor artifacts that Jones retrieved on his expeditions until Brody retired to become Marshall's Dean of Students, a role he held for most of the [[World War II]] years until he was succeeded by [[Charles Stanforth]]. |
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| + | |||
| + | Although [[Cold War]] [[Red Scare|paranoia]] briefly saw Jones pushed out of his job in [[1957]], he was able to regain his position and be promoted to Associate Dean of the college. However, the role was brief as Jones spent the final decade of his career with [[Hunter College]]. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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| − | In the |
+ | In [[1772]],<ref>''[[Production Diary: Making of "The Kingdom of the Crystal Skull"]]</ref> the institute that would become Marshall College started as a prep school. In [[1853]], the school received a collegiate charter and was renamed after its chief patron, [[Frederic Marshall]],<ref name="UG">''[[Indiana Jones: The Ultimate Guide]]''</ref> when it was upgraded to a college by wealthy [[Connecticut]] industrialists. Marshall's holdings were further bolstered upon the untimely death of one such person, [[Burke J. Carter]], killed in an [[Africa]]n hunting accident, who had bequeathed most of his estate to the school.<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
| + | In [[1856]], the [[Marshall College Library]] was constructed.<ref name="Novel" /> Several other buildings were named for individuals, including the [[Burke J. Carter Library]], [[Meal Hall|Becker Hall]]—after [[Samuel J. Becker|Samuel Becker]], an obscure 17th century [[England|English]] scientist—and later [[Woolley Hall]] which celebrated [[Charles Leonard Woolley|the man]] who excavated the royal tombs of [[Ur]]. However, Becker's honor was taken away around [[1906]] when a descendant discovered that the scientist's career had thrived off stealing others' work.<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| − | Indiana Jones was teaching at Marshall College as early as [[1925]].<ref name="LJ">''[[The Lost Journal of Indiana Jones]]''</ref> Just as the spring term in [[1931]] ended, he and [[Marcus Brody]] became involved in the quest to recover the stolen [[Wohat Statues]], which led to Jones finding the [[Invincible Ruby]] of [[Ali Bey]]. [[Helen]] and [[Helen's friend]] were two of Jones' students that semester.<ref>''[[Indiana Jones Adventures: Volume 2: Curse of the Invincible Ruby]]''</ref> By [[1933]], he had switched to [[Princeton University]],<ref name="LJ">''[[The Lost Journal of Indiana Jones]]''</ref> but had returned to Marshall College by [[1935]]. |
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| + | Originally a male single-sex school, the college eventually became coeducational. Although it taught mathematics and the sciences,<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> Marshall College's reputation developed around its literature, linguistics and archaeology programs,<ref name="UG"/> the latter of which fell under the purview of the wider history department.<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | While [[Indiana Jones]] was mainly associated with [[London University]], his first [[professor]]ship, in [[1925]],<ref>''[[Indiana Jones and the Dance of the Giants]]''</ref> the year also saw Jones begin teaching at Marshall College. It was there that his mentor, [[Abner Ravenwood]], reached out to him for one last (and ultimately unsuccessful) expedition in pursuit of the [[Ark of the Covenant]].<ref name="LJ">''[[The Lost Journal of Indiana Jones]]''</ref> Jones returned to Marshall about [[1935|a decade later]] after having taught at [[Princeton University]] for a number of years in the early 1930s.<ref name="UG"/> |
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| − | In [[1936]], Jones's performance as a professor for archaeology was evaluated by [[Charles Kennedy]]. |
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| ⚫ | Jones was teaching Archaeology 101 when the college received some US government visitors: [[Major]] [[Eaton]] and [[Colonel]] [[Musgrove]]. Meeting in a large |
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| + | In [[1936]], Jones's performance was evaluated by Dean [[Charles Kennedy]] who found the professor to be professional and popular with students despite unorthodox methods, and noted that his frequent absences were tolerated on the condition that Jones provided a colleague or teaching assistant who could support his students.<ref name="LJ" /> [[Jones family]] friend [[Marcus Brody]] occasionally covered for Jones's lectures. Support for Jones among the university faculty, however, was not unanimous as some staff members chafed at his high number of female admirers, predilection for adventure, or envied his funding.<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> Dean Kennedy considered that the public recognition that had grown out of the archaeologist's findings had been to Marshall's benefit though he was wary of bad publicity.<ref name="LJ" /> |
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| − | By [[1938]], Jones had left Marshall College for [[Barnett College]], but by the 1950s, had returned to the Archaeology Department at Marshall. |
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| ⚫ | Jones was teaching Archaeology 101 when the college received some US government visitors: [[Major]] [[Eaton]] and [[Colonel]] [[Musgrove]]. Meeting in a large lecture hall, they enlisted Jones' help in tracking down the whereabouts of Abner Ravenwood, in a search to prevent the [[Nazi]]s from finding the Ark of the Covenant.<ref name="Raiders">''[[Raiders of the Lost Ark]]''</ref> |
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| ⚫ | In [[1957]], |
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| + | Afterwards, Indiana Jones resumed teaching and was visited by former pupil [[Charlie Dunne]] at [[110|his office]]. Dunne informed him that his sister [[Edith Dunne|Edith]] and he had discovered the resting place of the [[Ikons of Ikammanen]] in [[Liberia]]. However, Dunne was suddenly killed from outside the window by a knife thrown by an [[Jerry|unseen assailant]]. With no time to catch the murderer and the path to relics being the only lead, Jones sent Brody to contact [[Bedford Police Department|the police]] while he went to [[Africa]] to rendezvous with Edith Dunne.<ref>{{FAIJ|The Ikons of Ikammanen}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | When [[ |
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| − | [[File: |
+ | [[File:MarshallCollegeByNight.jpg|thumb||left|250px|Marshall College at night.]] |
| ⚫ | To avoid the second car, Williams drove up the steps into the Marshall College Library, where he skidded to stop, scaring students and sliding under tables |
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| + | In October [[1937]], Jones was woken at his desk in the middle of the night by a break-in at the university and was pulled into a global mystery when [[Locus|the thief]] was only interested a museum piece which had been thought to have been of little historical significance.<ref>''[[Indiana Jones and the Great Circle]]''</ref> |
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| ⚫ | Later |
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| + | Towards the close of 1937/beginning of [[1938]], Jones had left the university for [[Barnett College]] in [[New York]],<ref>''[[Indiana Jones: The Ultimate Guide]]'' specifically lists Jones as beginning his professorship with Barnett in January 1938 which contradicts ''[[Indiana Jones and the Arms of Gold]]'' set in Fall 1937 but the guide timeline places ''Arms of Gold'' in February 1938.</ref> but re-took his position at Marshall by the mid-'50s. In the interim, Marcus Brody became Dean of Students for most of [[World War II]].<ref name="KotCS" /> |
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| − | ==Faculty and students of Marshall College== |
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| + | |||
| ⚫ | In [[1957]], the [[FBI]] considered Professor Jones a person of interest and suspected him of having [[Communist]] sympathies. With America firmly in the grip of the [[Red Scare]], the Board of Regents was pressured to fire the [[archaeologist]]. Although Dean [[Charles Stanforth]], Brody's successor, stood up for Jones and managed to secure a more graceful exit for him, it was at the cost of his own position. After being granted an "indefinite leave of absence", Jones was set to leave [[Bedford]], but met [[Mutt Williams]] at the [[Bedford station|local train station]].<ref name="KotCS" /> |
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| + | |||
| ⚫ | When [[KGB]] agents [[Ride Through Academy|chased Jones and Williams]] through the town, Williams drove [[Mutt Williams's motorcycle|his motorcycle]] across the Marshall College campus to shake off the cars pursuing them. During the pursuit, they rode through the campus quad where an anti-Communist rally was being held. One of the cars chasing them got hit by protest signs caricaturing [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics|Soviet]] leaders like [[Nikita Khrushchev]]. Blinded, the driver crashed into a memorial of the late Marcus Brody. The statue's head broke off, landing in the lap of the driver.<ref name="KotCS" /> |
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| + | |||
| + | [[File:MuttBike2.jpg|thumb|230px|Mutt and Jones riding through the library.]] |
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| + | |||
| ⚫ | To avoid the second car, Williams drove up the steps into the Marshall College Library, where he skidded to stop, scaring students and sliding under several tables thanks to the bike's velocity. [[Student in Library|One student]] was not as easily perturbed by the unorthodox arrival of the two, and simply asked Professor Jones for guidance with his assignment. Jones' response was to get out of the library and go do field work. The pursuing car, unable to enter the library, fled the scene when police sirens were heard.<ref name="KotCS" /> |
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| + | |||
| ⚫ | Later, Jones' role in stopping the Soviet plot to find the [[Crystal Skull of Akator]] cleared his reputation, and the college reinstated both him and Stanforth, with Jones promoted to associate dean. While Jones' name and new title were being painted on his office door, Stanforth rushed through the building to his own office, to retrieve a [[Book of Common Prayer]], which was needed at the wedding of Indiana Jones and [[Marion Ravenwood]].<ref name="KotCS" /> |
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| + | |||
| + | Despite his promotion and restored reputation,<ref name="KotCS" /> Jones soon moved on again from Marshall and saw out the rest of his academic career with over a decade teaching at [[Hunter College]] before his retirement in [[1969]],<ref name="DoD">''[[Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny]]''</ref> |
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| + | |||
| + | ==Staff and students== |
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| ⚫ | |||
[[File:Portrait.png|175px|thumb|right|A portrait of former Dean of Students, Marcus Brody]] |
[[File:Portrait.png|175px|thumb|right|A portrait of former Dean of Students, Marcus Brody]] |
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| + | *[[Indiana Jones|Henry Jones, Jr.]] {{C|Professor: [[1925]],<ref name="LJ" /> mid-1930s<ref name="Raiders" /> and mid-1950s;<ref name="KotCS" /><ref>The ''[[Raiders of the Lost Ark Sourcebook]]'' indicates that Indiana Jones is an Assistant Professor for Marshall College during the 1936-1937 school year but no source specifies when that changes. He's a tenured professor of archaeology in ''[[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull]]''.</ref> Associate Dean: c. [[1957]]<ref name="KotCS" /><ref>''[[The Greatest Adventures of Indiana Jones]]'' places the closing scenes of ''Crystal Skull'' in late 1957 but the movie's costume designer [[Mary Zophres]] consciously dressed the characters for spring, potentially putting the promotion in [[1958]] or later.</ref> – c. [[1959]]<ref>''[[Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny]]''</ref>}} |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| − | **[[Indiana Jones|Henry Jones, Jr.]] (1925, parts of 1930s and 1950s) |
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| − | + | *[[Marcus Brody]] {{C|Dean of Students: 1939 - 1944}}<ref name="KotCS" /> |
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| + | *[[Hillary]] {{C|Professor: c. 1936}}<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| − | **[[Marcus Brody]] (Dean of Students: 1939 - 1944) |
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| − | + | *[[T. Keeler]] {{C|Associate Professor: c. 1936}}<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| − | + | *[[Charles Kennedy]] {{C|Dean: c. 1936}}<ref name="LJ" /> |
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| + | *[[L. Komarov]] {{C|Associate Professor: c. 1936}}<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| − | **[[Charles Kennedy]] (1936) |
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| + | *[[Marley]] {{C|Professor: c. 1938}}<ref>[[Walt Disney World]] – ''Skipper Canteen''</ref> |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | + | *[[B. McFynn]] {{C|Assistant Professor: c. 1936}}<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| − | + | *[[M. Reed]] {{C|Associate Professor: c. 1936}}<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| − | + | *[[P. Roche]] {{C|Visiting Professor: c. 1936}}<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| − | + | *[[J. Saunders]] {{C|Professor: c. 1936; History department chairman: c. 1936}}<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| + | *[[Charles Stanforth]] {{C|Dean of Students: c. 1944 –}}<ref>''[[Indiana Jones: The Ultimate Guide]]'' doesn't specify the year but states that Stanforth replaced Marcus Brody.</ref> |
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| − | **[[Charles Stanforth]] (c. 1957) |
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| + | |||
| + | ===Other staff=== |
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| + | *[[Archibald Finney]] {{C|[[Marshall College Art Gallery]] curator: c. 1936}}<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| + | *[[Murphy]] {{C|Marshall's first Head Cook: Pre-1900s}}<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| + | *[[Painter]] {{C|c. [[1957]]}}<ref name="KotCS" /> |
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| − | + | ===Students=== |
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| − | + | *[[:Category:Students of Marshall College|Students of Marshall College]] |
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==Courses== |
==Courses== |
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*[[History 100]] - Introduction to History Lecture<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
*[[History 100]] - Introduction to History Lecture<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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*[[History 101]] - Medieval Europe<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
*[[History 101]] - Medieval Europe<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| − | *[[Archaeology 101]] - Discovering the Past<ref name=" |
+ | *[[Archaeology 101]] - Discovering the Past<ref name="UG"/><ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
*[[History 150]] - American History<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
*[[History 150]] - American History<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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*[[History 200]] - The Roman Empire<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
*[[History 200]] - The Roman Empire<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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*[[History 201]] - The Fall of the Roman Empire<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
*[[History 201]] - The Fall of the Roman Empire<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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*[[History 210]] - The Renaissance<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
*[[History 210]] - The Renaissance<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| − | *[[Archaeology 223]]<ref> |
+ | *[[Archaeology 223]]<ref>{{FAIJ|Deadly Rock!}}</ref> |
*[[Archaeology 225]] - Ancient Egypt<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
*[[Archaeology 225]] - Ancient Egypt<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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*[[History 250]] - Advanced Topics in American History<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
*[[History 250]] - Advanced Topics in American History<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| − | ==Locations |
+ | ==Locations== |
[[File:Campus.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Layout of the Marshall College campus circa [[1936]].]] |
[[File:Campus.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Layout of the Marshall College campus circa [[1936]].]] |
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| + | *[[Burke J. Carter Library]]/[[Burke J. Carter Library|Carter Library]]<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| − | *[[Burke J. Carter Library]]<ref>''[[The Lost Journal of Indiana Jones]]'' provides the name of a library at the college in the 1930s.''</ref> |
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| + | *[[College Offices]]<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | *Dormitories<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | **[[Arnold Dorm]]<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | **[[Bedient Dorm]]<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | **[[Titicus Dorm]]<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | **[[Westcott Dorm]]<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| − | *[[College Offices]] |
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| + | *[[Ferguson Science Building]] – Biology, chemistry and physics<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| ⚫ | *[[Football Stadium]]<ref>[[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (comic)|''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull'' comic adaptation]] and [[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (novel)|''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull'' novelization]]</ref> |
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| + | *[[Gymnasium]]<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| + | *[[Keeler Chapel]]<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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*[[St Martin's Church|Marshall College chapel]]<ref>The [[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (novel)|novelization of ''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull'']] names this chapel as the one in which Indiana Jones and Marion Ravenwood are wed in 1957.</ref> |
*[[St Martin's Church|Marshall College chapel]]<ref>The [[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (novel)|novelization of ''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull'']] names this chapel as the one in which Indiana Jones and Marion Ravenwood are wed in 1957.</ref> |
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| + | *[[Marshall College Library]] {{C|established 1856}}<ref>The [[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (novel)|novelization of ''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull'']] names this library as the one in which Indiana Jones and Mutt Williams crash in 1957.</ref> |
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| − | *[[Meal Hall]] |
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| − | *[[Mathematics Building]] |
+ | *[[Mathematics Building]]<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
| + | *[[Meal Hall]]/[[Meal Hall|College Cafeteria]] {{C|[[Meal Hall|Becker Hall]] until c. [[1906]]}}<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| − | *[[Ferguson Science Building]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | *[[Woolley Hall]] |
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| + | *[[Observatory]]<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | *[[Phelps Hall]]<ref name="KotCS" /> |
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| − | **[[114]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| + | *[[Stroud Hall]] – English department {{C|including theater sub-department}}<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| − | **[[116]] – Paleontology |
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| + | *[[White Hall]] – Languages department<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | *[[Woolley Hall]] – Archaeology, anthropology and history departments<ref name="Raiders Sourcebook" /> |
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| − | *[[Stroud Hall]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | *[[Gymnasium]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | *[[Observatory]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | *[[Keeler Chapel]] |
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| + | **[[114]]<ref name="KotCS" /> |
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| − | *[[White Hall]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | *[[Arnold Dorm]] |
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| + | **[[116]] – Paleopathology<ref name="KotCS" /> |
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| − | *[[Bedient Dorm]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | *[[Titicus Dorm]] |
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| − | *[[Westcott Dorm]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
==Behind the scenes== |
==Behind the scenes== |
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| − | Marshall College is named in honor of [[Frank Marshall]], a regular collaborator with Spielberg and a producer on the [[Indiana Jones (franchise)|''Indiana Jones'']] series. When the college scenes were |
+ | Marshall College is named in honor of [[Frank Marshall]], a regular collaborator with Spielberg and a producer on the [[Indiana Jones (franchise)|''Indiana Jones'']] series. When the college scenes were written and shot for ''[[Raiders of the Lost Ark]]'', there was no perceived need to name it,<ref name="TCMoIJ">''[[The Complete Making of Indiana Jones]]''</ref> but when the novelization was being written, author [[Campbell Black]] wanted to call the school something, so Marshall College was conceived.<ref name="Raiders novel">[[Raiders of the Lost Ark (novel)|''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' novel]]</ref> Marshall himself forgot this detail until, when the film crew reunited to shoot the college scenes for ''[[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull]]'', he began seeing his name everywhere.<ref name="TCMoIJ"/> |
| + | |||
| + | The college is also unidentified in [[David Koepp]]'s ''Crystal Skull'' screenplay<ref>[https://davidkoepp.com/script-archive/indiana-jones-and-the-kingdom-of-the-crystal-skull/ ''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull''] at [https://davidkoepp.com/ DavidKoepp.com]</ref> but was named as Marshall University in ''[[Indiana Jones and the City of the Gods]]'' by [[Frank Darabont]],<ref>''[[Indiana Jones and the City of the Gods]]''</ref> who was one of the writers brought in before Koepp to develop a screenplay for the fourth film.<ref name="TCMoIJ"/> |
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| + | |||
| ⚫ | In ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'', the establishing shot of the College is the exterior of the Faye Spanos Concert Hall in the [[Wikipedia:Conservatory of Music, University of the Pacific|University of the Pacific Conservatory]], with the interior classroom filmed at Rickmansworth Masonic School in Hertfordshire, England.<ref>[http://www.movie-locations.com/movies/r/Raiders-Of-The-Lost-Ark.php Raiders Of The Lost Ark film locations] at Movie-Locations.com</ref> |
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| ⚫ | External shots of the Marshall College campus were filmed at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, during July 2007 for ''Kingdom of the Crystal Skull''. The Yale Commons was turned into the Marshall College library interior setting while the entrance to the Sterling Memorial Library served as the Marshall College library entrance. William L. Harkness Hall was used for the archaeology lecture hall and corridor. The Old Campus quad was used for the protest and car crash scene, and Branford College was also used for some of the campus shots. The establishing shot is once again the Faye Spanos Concert Hall as the footage from ''Raiders'' was digitally edited and re-used to depict the building over two decades later.<ref>[http://www.movie-locations.com/movies/i/Indiana-Jones-And-The-Kingdom-Of-The-Crystal-Skull.php Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull film locations] at Movie-Locations.com</ref> As a result, the very same students from the first film's [[1936]] setting can be seen outside during ''Crystal Skull'' in [[1957]].<ref name="Raiders"/><ref name="KotCS"/> |
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| ⚫ | In ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'', the establishing shot of the College is the exterior of the Faye Spanos Concert Hall in the [[Wikipedia:Conservatory of Music, University of the Pacific|University of the Pacific Conservatory]], with the interior classroom filmed at Rickmansworth Masonic School in Hertfordshire, England.<ref>[http://www.movie-locations.com/movies/r/ |
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| + | Across [[Lawrence Kasdan]]'s drafts for ''Raiders'', the setting of [[Indiana Jones]]' meeting with [[Musgrove]] and [[Eaton]] moves from the [[National Museum]] in [[Washington DC]] to a small [[New England]] college.<ref>[[Raiders of the Lost Ark script development|''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' script development]]</ref> The Production Timeline of the ''[[Indiana Jones Timelines]]'' feature on the [[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (DVD)|''Crystal Skull'' Blu-ray]] states that Marshall College is situated in [[San Francisco]] based on the [[archaeologist]]'s flight out of the city in ''Raiders'' and implies that the ''Indy IV'' school's placement in [[Connecticut]]<ref name="TL">''[[Indiana Jones Timelines]]'' – Production Timeline</ref>—another detail in Campbell Black's book<ref name="Raiders novel"/>—is a retcon brought about to accommodate the additional filming location requirements, adding that [[George Lucas]]' backstory was simply that Indiana Jones moved cities after [[World War II]].<ref name="TL"/> However, this doesn't appear to take into account that the character is shown to be teaching at [[Barnett College]] in [[New York]] for ''[[Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade]]''.<ref>''[[Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade]]''</ref> |
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| ⚫ | External shots of the Marshall College campus were filmed at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, during July 2007 for ''Kingdom of the Crystal Skull''. The Yale Commons was turned into the Marshall College library interior setting while the entrance to the Sterling Memorial Library served as the Marshall College library entrance. William L. Harkness Hall was used for the archaeology lecture hall and corridor. The Old Campus quad was used for the protest and car crash scene, and Branford College was also used for some of the campus shots. The establishing shot is once again the Faye Spanos Concert Hall as the footage from ''Raiders'' was edited and re-used to depict the building over two decades later.<ref>[http://www.movie-locations.com/movies/i/ |
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| − | Images in the film bearing the university's coat of arms |
+ | Images in the film bearing the university's coat of arms indicate that Marshall College was established in 1772. Although difficult to make out in the movie itself, the wording can be read in the film's "making of" feature on DVD and Blu-ray.<ref>''[[Production Diary: Making of "The Kingdom of the Crystal Skull"]]''</ref> |
| − | There did exist a real Marshall College in 1936, in Huntington, West Virginia. Known today as [[Wikipedia:Marshall University|Marshall University]], Marshall was a college until 1961 when it was granted university status which later became the setting of the movie, [[Wikipedia:We Are Marshall|''We Are Marshall'']]. |
+ | There did exist a real Marshall College in 1936, in Huntington, West Virginia. Known today as [[Wikipedia:Marshall University|Marshall University]], Marshall was a college until [[1961]] when it was granted university status which later became the setting of the movie, [[Wikipedia:We Are Marshall|''We Are Marshall'']]. |
==Appearances== |
==Appearances== |
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*[[Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (junior novelization)|''Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom'' junior novel]] {{Mo}} |
*[[Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (junior novelization)|''Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom'' junior novel]] {{Mo}} |
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| + | *''[[Indiana Jones and the Secret of the Stone Tiger]]'' {{Mo}} {{C|On crate}} |
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*''[[Indiana Jones and the Tomb of the Gods]]'' |
*''[[Indiana Jones and the Tomb of the Gods]]'' |
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*''[[Raiders of the Lost Ark]]'' |
*''[[Raiders of the Lost Ark]]'' |
||
*[[Raiders of the Lost Ark (novel)|''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' novel]] {{Fa}} |
*[[Raiders of the Lost Ark (novel)|''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' novel]] {{Fa}} |
||
*{{FAIJ|The Ikons of Ikammanen}} |
*{{FAIJ|The Ikons of Ikammanen}} |
||
| + | *{{FAIJ|The Devil's Cradle}} {{Mo}} |
||
*{{FAIJ|Deadly Rock!}} {{Mo}} |
*{{FAIJ|Deadly Rock!}} {{Mo}} |
||
*{{FAIJ|Demons}} |
*{{FAIJ|Demons}} |
||
| Line 118: | Line 152: | ||
*{{FAIJ|Trail of the Golden Guns}} |
*{{FAIJ|Trail of the Golden Guns}} |
||
*{{FAIJ|Tower of Tears!}} |
*{{FAIJ|Tower of Tears!}} |
||
| + | *{{FAIJ|Shot by Both Sides!}} {{Mo}} |
||
*{{FAIJ|Big Game}} {{Mo}} |
*{{FAIJ|Big Game}} {{Mo}} |
||
*{{FAIJ|Double Play!}} |
*{{FAIJ|Double Play!}} |
||
*[[Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (junior novelization)|''Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade'' junior novel]] {{Mo}} |
*[[Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (junior novelization)|''Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade'' junior novel]] {{Mo}} |
||
| + | *''[[Disney Magic Kingdoms]]'' {{Ac}} {{Mo}} |
||
| ⚫ | |||
*''[[Indiana Jones and the Mystery of Mount Sinai]]'' {{Mo}} |
*''[[Indiana Jones and the Mystery of Mount Sinai]]'' {{Mo}} |
||
*''[[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull]]'' |
*''[[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull]]'' |
||
*[[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (novel)|''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull'' novel]] |
*[[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (novel)|''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull'' novel]] |
||
| + | *"[[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (article)|Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull]]" - ''[[Indiana Jones: The Official Magazine]]'' |
||
*[[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (comic)|''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull'' comic]] |
*[[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (comic)|''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull'' comic]] |
||
| + | *''[[Indiana Jones: The Search For Buried Treasure]]'' |
||
*''[[LEGO Indiana Jones 2: The Adventure Continues]]'' {{Nc}} |
*''[[LEGO Indiana Jones 2: The Adventure Continues]]'' {{Nc}} |
||
==Sources== |
==Sources== |
||
| + | *{{Topps|set=Raiders of the Lost Ark (trading cards)|sformat=''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' trading cards|cardname=Indy's Lecture}} |
||
| + | *{{Topps|set=Raiders of the Lost Ark (trading cards)|sformat=''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' trading cards|cardname=Outlining The Quest}} |
||
*''[[Raiders of the Lost Ark Sourcebook]]'' |
*''[[Raiders of the Lost Ark Sourcebook]]'' |
||
| + | *{{IJ|url=raiders/bts/news/f20060818/index.html|text=Around the World with Indiana Jones}} |
||
*''[[The Lost Journal of Indiana Jones]]'' |
*''[[The Lost Journal of Indiana Jones]]'' |
||
*''[[Indiana Jones: The Ultimate Guide]]'' |
*''[[Indiana Jones: The Ultimate Guide]]'' |
||
| + | *"[[The Thrill of the Chase!]]" - [[Indiana Jones: The Official Magazine 4|''Indiana Jones: The Official Magazine 4'']] |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| + | *{{Hasbro|set=Indiana Jones action figures|sformat=''Indiana Jones'' action figures|packname=The Lost Wave}} |
||
| + | *''[[Indiana Jones Timelines]]'' |
||
| + | *[[Grail Diary (prop replica)]] |
||
| + | *''[[Indiana Jones Cryptic]]'' |
||
| + | *''[[Indiana Jones: Sands of Adventure]]'' |
||
| + | *{{LF|url=news/indiana-jones-quotes/|text=40 Great Indiana Jones Quotes}} |
||
==Notes and references== |
==Notes and references== |
||
| − | {{ |
+ | {{Reflist}} |
==See also== |
==See also== |
||
* [[Barnett College]] |
* [[Barnett College]] |
||
| + | * [[Hunter College]] |
||
==External links== |
==External links== |
||
Latest revision as of 13:09, 14 April 2024
- "Sapientia et lux"
- ―The Marshall College motto, "wisdom and light"[src]
Marshall College was an American university and liberal arts college in Bedford, Connecticut. It was one of the schools where Indiana Jones taught as a professor of archaeology and was governed by a Board of Regents.
The college hosted the state's branch of the National Museum. There, Marcus Brody served as curator of the museum and paid for many of the minor artifacts that Jones retrieved on his expeditions until Brody retired to become Marshall's Dean of Students, a role he held for most of the World War II years until he was succeeded by Charles Stanforth.
Although Cold War paranoia briefly saw Jones pushed out of his job in 1957, he was able to regain his position and be promoted to Associate Dean of the college. However, the role was brief as Jones spent the final decade of his career with Hunter College.
History[]
In 1772,[6] the institute that would become Marshall College started as a prep school. In 1853, the school received a collegiate charter and was renamed after its chief patron, Frederic Marshall,[7] when it was upgraded to a college by wealthy Connecticut industrialists. Marshall's holdings were further bolstered upon the untimely death of one such person, Burke J. Carter, killed in an African hunting accident, who had bequeathed most of his estate to the school.[3]
In 1856, the Marshall College Library was constructed.[5] Several other buildings were named for individuals, including the Burke J. Carter Library, Becker Hall—after Samuel Becker, an obscure 17th century English scientist—and later Woolley Hall which celebrated the man who excavated the royal tombs of Ur. However, Becker's honor was taken away around 1906 when a descendant discovered that the scientist's career had thrived off stealing others' work.[3]
Originally a male single-sex school, the college eventually became coeducational. Although it taught mathematics and the sciences,[3] Marshall College's reputation developed around its literature, linguistics and archaeology programs,[7] the latter of which fell under the purview of the wider history department.[3]
While Indiana Jones was mainly associated with London University, his first professorship, in 1925,[8] the year also saw Jones begin teaching at Marshall College. It was there that his mentor, Abner Ravenwood, reached out to him for one last (and ultimately unsuccessful) expedition in pursuit of the Ark of the Covenant.[9] Jones returned to Marshall about a decade later after having taught at Princeton University for a number of years in the early 1930s.[7]
Indiana Jones taught Archaeology 101 at Marshall College.
In 1936, Jones's performance was evaluated by Dean Charles Kennedy who found the professor to be professional and popular with students despite unorthodox methods, and noted that his frequent absences were tolerated on the condition that Jones provided a colleague or teaching assistant who could support his students.[9] Jones family friend Marcus Brody occasionally covered for Jones's lectures. Support for Jones among the university faculty, however, was not unanimous as some staff members chafed at his high number of female admirers, predilection for adventure, or envied his funding.[3] Dean Kennedy considered that the public recognition that had grown out of the archaeologist's findings had been to Marshall's benefit though he was wary of bad publicity.[9]
Jones was teaching Archaeology 101 when the college received some US government visitors: Major Eaton and Colonel Musgrove. Meeting in a large lecture hall, they enlisted Jones' help in tracking down the whereabouts of Abner Ravenwood, in a search to prevent the Nazis from finding the Ark of the Covenant.[10]
Afterwards, Indiana Jones resumed teaching and was visited by former pupil Charlie Dunne at his office. Dunne informed him that his sister Edith and he had discovered the resting place of the Ikons of Ikammanen in Liberia. However, Dunne was suddenly killed from outside the window by a knife thrown by an unseen assailant. With no time to catch the murderer and the path to relics being the only lead, Jones sent Brody to contact the police while he went to Africa to rendezvous with Edith Dunne.[11]
Marshall College at night.
In October 1937, Jones was woken at his desk in the middle of the night by a break-in at the university and was pulled into a global mystery when the thief was only interested a museum piece which had been thought to have been of little historical significance.[12]
Towards the close of 1937/beginning of 1938, Jones had left the university for Barnett College in New York,[13] but re-took his position at Marshall by the mid-'50s. In the interim, Marcus Brody became Dean of Students for most of World War II.[4]
In 1957, the FBI considered Professor Jones a person of interest and suspected him of having Communist sympathies. With America firmly in the grip of the Red Scare, the Board of Regents was pressured to fire the archaeologist. Although Dean Charles Stanforth, Brody's successor, stood up for Jones and managed to secure a more graceful exit for him, it was at the cost of his own position. After being granted an "indefinite leave of absence", Jones was set to leave Bedford, but met Mutt Williams at the local train station.[4]
When KGB agents chased Jones and Williams through the town, Williams drove his motorcycle across the Marshall College campus to shake off the cars pursuing them. During the pursuit, they rode through the campus quad where an anti-Communist rally was being held. One of the cars chasing them got hit by protest signs caricaturing Soviet leaders like Nikita Khrushchev. Blinded, the driver crashed into a memorial of the late Marcus Brody. The statue's head broke off, landing in the lap of the driver.[4]
Mutt and Jones riding through the library.
To avoid the second car, Williams drove up the steps into the Marshall College Library, where he skidded to stop, scaring students and sliding under several tables thanks to the bike's velocity. One student was not as easily perturbed by the unorthodox arrival of the two, and simply asked Professor Jones for guidance with his assignment. Jones' response was to get out of the library and go do field work. The pursuing car, unable to enter the library, fled the scene when police sirens were heard.[4]
Later, Jones' role in stopping the Soviet plot to find the Crystal Skull of Akator cleared his reputation, and the college reinstated both him and Stanforth, with Jones promoted to associate dean. While Jones' name and new title were being painted on his office door, Stanforth rushed through the building to his own office, to retrieve a Book of Common Prayer, which was needed at the wedding of Indiana Jones and Marion Ravenwood.[4]
Despite his promotion and restored reputation,[4] Jones soon moved on again from Marshall and saw out the rest of his academic career with over a decade teaching at Hunter College before his retirement in 1969,[14]
Staff and students[]
Faculty[]
A portrait of former Dean of Students, Marcus Brody
- Henry Jones, Jr. (Professor: 1925,[9] mid-1930s[10] and mid-1950s;[4][15] Associate Dean: c. 1957[4][16] – c. 1959[17])
- S. Bedini (Professor: c. 1936)[3]
- Marcus Brody (Dean of Students: 1939 - 1944)[4]
- Hillary (Professor: c. 1936)[3]
- T. Keeler (Associate Professor: c. 1936)[3]
- Charles Kennedy (Dean: c. 1936)[9]
- L. Komarov (Associate Professor: c. 1936)[3]
- Marley (Professor: c. 1938)[18]
- B. McFynn (Assistant Professor: c. 1936)[3]
- M. Reed (Associate Professor: c. 1936)[3]
- P. Roche (Visiting Professor: c. 1936)[3]
- J. Saunders (Professor: c. 1936; History department chairman: c. 1936)[3]
- Charles Stanforth (Dean of Students: c. 1944 –)[19]
Other staff[]
- Archibald Finney (Marshall College Art Gallery curator: c. 1936)[3]
- Murphy (Marshall's first Head Cook: Pre-1900s)[3]
- Painter (c. 1957)[4]
Students[]
Courses[]
Students of Jones in 1957
- History 100 - Introduction to History Lecture[3]
- History 101 - Medieval Europe[3]
- Archaeology 101 - Discovering the Past[7][3]
- History 150 - American History[3]
- History 200 - The Roman Empire[3]
- History 201 - The Fall of the Roman Empire[3]
- History 210 - The Renaissance[3]
- Archaeology 223[20]
- Archaeology 225 - Ancient Egypt[3]
- History 250 - Advanced Topics in American History[3]
Locations[]
Layout of the Marshall College campus circa 1936.
- Burke J. Carter Library/Carter Library[3]
- College Offices[3]
- Dormitories[3]
- Arnold Dorm[3]
- Bedient Dorm[3]
- Titicus Dorm[3]
- Westcott Dorm[3]
- Ferguson Science Building – Biology, chemistry and physics[3]
- Football Stadium[21]
- Gymnasium[3]
- Keeler Chapel[3]
- Marshall College chapel[22]
- Marshall College Library (established 1856)[23]
- Mathematics Building[3]
- Meal Hall/College Cafeteria (Becker Hall until c. 1906)[3]
- National Museum branch[7]
- Observatory[3]
- Phelps Hall[4]
- Quad (with statue of beloved dean)[4]
- Stroud Hall – English department (including theater sub-department)[3]
- White Hall – Languages department[3]
- Woolley Hall – Archaeology, anthropology and history departments[3]
Behind the scenes[]
Marshall College is named in honor of Frank Marshall, a regular collaborator with Spielberg and a producer on the Indiana Jones series. When the college scenes were written and shot for Raiders of the Lost Ark, there was no perceived need to name it,[24] but when the novelization was being written, author Campbell Black wanted to call the school something, so Marshall College was conceived.[25] Marshall himself forgot this detail until, when the film crew reunited to shoot the college scenes for Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull, he began seeing his name everywhere.[24]
The college is also unidentified in David Koepp's Crystal Skull screenplay[26] but was named as Marshall University in Indiana Jones and the City of the Gods by Frank Darabont,[27] who was one of the writers brought in before Koepp to develop a screenplay for the fourth film.[24]
In Raiders of the Lost Ark, the establishing shot of the College is the exterior of the Faye Spanos Concert Hall in the University of the Pacific Conservatory, with the interior classroom filmed at Rickmansworth Masonic School in Hertfordshire, England.[28]
External shots of the Marshall College campus were filmed at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, during July 2007 for Kingdom of the Crystal Skull. The Yale Commons was turned into the Marshall College library interior setting while the entrance to the Sterling Memorial Library served as the Marshall College library entrance. William L. Harkness Hall was used for the archaeology lecture hall and corridor. The Old Campus quad was used for the protest and car crash scene, and Branford College was also used for some of the campus shots. The establishing shot is once again the Faye Spanos Concert Hall as the footage from Raiders was digitally edited and re-used to depict the building over two decades later.[29] As a result, the very same students from the first film's 1936 setting can be seen outside during Crystal Skull in 1957.[10][4]
Across Lawrence Kasdan's drafts for Raiders, the setting of Indiana Jones' meeting with Musgrove and Eaton moves from the National Museum in Washington DC to a small New England college.[30] The Production Timeline of the Indiana Jones Timelines feature on the Crystal Skull Blu-ray states that Marshall College is situated in San Francisco based on the archaeologist's flight out of the city in Raiders and implies that the Indy IV school's placement in Connecticut[31]—another detail in Campbell Black's book[25]—is a retcon brought about to accommodate the additional filming location requirements, adding that George Lucas' backstory was simply that Indiana Jones moved cities after World War II.[31] However, this doesn't appear to take into account that the character is shown to be teaching at Barnett College in New York for Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade.[32]
Images in the film bearing the university's coat of arms indicate that Marshall College was established in 1772. Although difficult to make out in the movie itself, the wording can be read in the film's "making of" feature on DVD and Blu-ray.[33]
There did exist a real Marshall College in 1936, in Huntington, West Virginia. Known today as Marshall University, Marshall was a college until 1961 when it was granted university status which later became the setting of the movie, We Are Marshall.
Appearances[]
- Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom junior novel (Mentioned only)
- Indiana Jones and the Secret of the Stone Tiger (Mentioned only) (On crate)
- Indiana Jones and the Tomb of the Gods
- Raiders of the Lost Ark
- Raiders of the Lost Ark novel (First appearance)
The Further Adventures of Indiana Jones – "The Ikons of Ikammanen"- The Further Adventures of Indiana Jones – "The Devil's Cradle" (Mentioned only)
- The Further Adventures of Indiana Jones – "Deadly Rock!" (Mentioned only)
- The Further Adventures of Indiana Jones – "Demons"
- The Further Adventures of Indiana Jones – "The Sea Butchers"
- The Further Adventures of Indiana Jones – "The Search for Abner"
- The Further Adventures of Indiana Jones – "Good as Gold"
- The Further Adventures of Indiana Jones – "Trail of the Golden Guns"
- The Further Adventures of Indiana Jones – "Tower of Tears!"
- The Further Adventures of Indiana Jones – "Shot by Both Sides!" (Mentioned only)
- The Further Adventures of Indiana Jones – "Big Game" (Mentioned only)
- The Further Adventures of Indiana Jones – "Double Play!"
- Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade junior novel (Mentioned only)
- Disney Magic Kingdoms (Ambiguously canonical appearance) (Mentioned only)
- Indiana Jones and the Great Circle
- Indiana Jones and the Mystery of Mount Sinai (Mentioned only)
- Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull
- Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull novel
- "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" - Indiana Jones: The Official Magazine
- Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull comic
- Indiana Jones: The Search For Buried Treasure
- LEGO Indiana Jones 2: The Adventure Continues (Non-canonical appearance)
Sources[]
- Raiders of the Lost Ark trading cards (Card: Indy's Lecture)
- Raiders of the Lost Ark trading cards (Card: Outlining The Quest)
- Raiders of the Lost Ark Sourcebook
- Around the World with Indiana Jones on IndianaJones.com (backup link on Archive.org)
- The Lost Journal of Indiana Jones
- Indiana Jones: The Ultimate Guide
- "The Thrill of the Chase!" - Indiana Jones: The Official Magazine 4
- Indiana Jones action figures (Pack: The Lost Wave)
- Indiana Jones Timelines
- Grail Diary (prop replica)
- Indiana Jones Cryptic
- Indiana Jones: Sands of Adventure
- 40 Great Indiana Jones Quotes on Lucasfilm.com (backup link on Archive.org)
Notes and references[]
- ↑ Indiana Jones action figures (Pack: The Lost Wave)
- ↑ Indiana Jones Cryptic
- ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24 3.25 3.26 3.27 3.28 3.29 3.30 3.31 3.32 3.33 3.34 3.35 3.36 3.37 3.38 3.39 3.40 3.41 Raiders of the Lost Ark Sourcebook
- ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull novel
- ↑ Production Diary: Making of "The Kingdom of the Crystal Skull"
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Indiana Jones: The Ultimate Guide
- ↑ Indiana Jones and the Dance of the Giants
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 The Lost Journal of Indiana Jones
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Raiders of the Lost Ark
- ↑
The Further Adventures of Indiana Jones – "The Ikons of Ikammanen"
- ↑ Indiana Jones and the Great Circle
- ↑ Indiana Jones: The Ultimate Guide specifically lists Jones as beginning his professorship with Barnett in January 1938 which contradicts Indiana Jones and the Arms of Gold set in Fall 1937 but the guide timeline places Arms of Gold in February 1938.
- ↑ Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny
- ↑ The Raiders of the Lost Ark Sourcebook indicates that Indiana Jones is an Assistant Professor for Marshall College during the 1936-1937 school year but no source specifies when that changes. He's a tenured professor of archaeology in Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull.
- ↑ The Greatest Adventures of Indiana Jones places the closing scenes of Crystal Skull in late 1957 but the movie's costume designer Mary Zophres consciously dressed the characters for spring, potentially putting the promotion in 1958 or later.
- ↑ Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny
- ↑ Walt Disney World – Skipper Canteen
- ↑ Indiana Jones: The Ultimate Guide doesn't specify the year but states that Stanforth replaced Marcus Brody.
- ↑ The Further Adventures of Indiana Jones – "Deadly Rock!"
- ↑ Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull comic adaptation and Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull novelization
- ↑ The novelization of Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull names this chapel as the one in which Indiana Jones and Marion Ravenwood are wed in 1957.
- ↑ The novelization of Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull names this library as the one in which Indiana Jones and Mutt Williams crash in 1957.
- ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 The Complete Making of Indiana Jones
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 Raiders of the Lost Ark novel
- ↑ Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull at DavidKoepp.com
- ↑ Indiana Jones and the City of the Gods
- ↑ Raiders Of The Lost Ark film locations at Movie-Locations.com
- ↑ Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull film locations at Movie-Locations.com
- ↑ Raiders of the Lost Ark script development
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 Indiana Jones Timelines – Production Timeline
- ↑ Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade
- ↑ Production Diary: Making of "The Kingdom of the Crystal Skull"
See also[]
External links[]
- Indiana Jones production hits campus - (lists specific filming sites)