The Motion Picture Association (MPA), formerly known as the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA), is an American trade association representing the major film studios of the US, including Paramount Pictures and The Walt Disney Company, as well as the video streaming service Netflix.
The MPA certifies Hollywood movies and, in 1968, introduced the ratings system which predominantly acts as a framework of how appropriate a film is for a child audience. Director Steven Spielberg helped establish the PG-13 rating—"Some material may be inappropriate for children under 13"—partly in reaction to complaints about the intensity of Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom on younger viewers which held the lower PG rating.
Certification number[]
Each film comes with a unique certification number from the MPA. Within the Indiana Jones franchise, each installment numbered as:
- Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981) — #26345
- Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (1984) — #27401
- Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989) — #29778
- Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008) — #44295
