Turkey is a country situated in the union of Europe, Asia, the Mediterranean and the Black seas. Because of this it has been always a crossroads of civilizations and has a very rich history.
The current republic is the legal heir of the Ottoman Empire, which in turn was built over the ruins of the Greek Byzantine Empire. Once one of the most powerful states in the world, the Ottoman Empire declined till its defeat in World War I, when it was carved into colonies and spheres of influence by the victorious powers. This humiliation, accepted by Sultan Mehmed VI, led to the rebellion of Mustafa Kemal and the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1923. Kemal also expelled the Greek invaders, reached a new (and better) peace treaty with the Entente and profoundly changed the country, imposing an extensive program of laicism and westernization. Ismet Inonu, who succeeded Kemal as president of Turkey in 1938, continued his legacy. In 1939 Turkey annexed the brief Republic of Hatay.
Mount Ararat, in the easternmost part of the country, is believed to be the place where Noah's Ark landed in the aftermath of the Deluge.
Locations and artifacts[]
- Grail tablet
- Istanbul
- Belsaurius Palace
- Third part of the Mirror of Dreams
- Piri Reis Manuscript
- Ottoman Seal
- Delian Proclamation
- Topkapi Palace (Sultan's Palace)
- Chronicle
- Shepherd
- Khazars Brass Medallions
- Eastern Empire Official Seals
- Byzantine Empire Cross
- Royal Shield
- Royal Gauntlets
- Gold Belt Buckle
- Crystal Bottle
- Holy Book Receptacle
- Gold Relic
- Royal Crown
- Bejeweled Aigrette
- Dagger of Topkapi
- Gold Flask
- Selim's Water Bottle
- Gold Writing Case
- Sultan's Bottle
- Mount Ararat
Notable Turks[]
- Sultan Selim II
- Sultan Mehmed VI[1]
- Enver Pasha
- Mustafa Kemal
- Halide Edib
- Ismet Bey
- Kazim
- Yasin
- Mehmed Sarper
Behind the scenes[]
Rob MacGregor, author of the Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade novelization, was directed by Lucasfilm Ltd. to remove all references to Turkey in the book, present in the film's earlier versions, replacing it with Hatay.[2] Les Martin, author of the the film's junior novel, the climax of the movie was scripted to be set in Turkey until the country's government objected to historically inaccurate details, prompting the filmmakers to shift the action to Hatay, the nation which eventually voted to join Turkey in 1938, becoming a province.[3]
Turkey appears in nearly all versions of Indiana Jones and the Staff of Kings[4] except the DS version which replaces it with France.[5]
Appearances[]
- The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles – "Istanbul, September 1918" → Masks of Evil
- Young Indiana Jones and the Secret City
- Indiana Jones and the Genesis Deluge
- Indiana Jones and the Emperor's Tomb
- Indiana Jones and the Staff of Kings (PSP/PS2/Wii versions)
- The Further Adventures of Indiana Jones – "The Search for Abner" (Mentioned only)
- Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade
- Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade junior novel (Mentioned only)
Sources[]
- Research Begins in the Library on IndianaJones.com (backup link on Archive.org)
- The Adventures of Young Indiana Jones: Volume Two, The War Years
- For the People, Despite the People - The Atatürk Revolution (Non-fiction source)
- Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull Annual 2009
Notes and references[]
- ↑ The character in Masks of Evil is just named "Sultan". Yet it's quite safe to assume that this character is Mehmed VI as he was the Ottoman Sultan in September 1918 in real life.
- ↑ Rob MacGregor AMA at Reddit
- ↑ Cold Turkey on IndianaJones.com (backup link on Archive.org)
- ↑ Indiana Jones and the Staff of Kings (PSP/PS2/Wii versions)
- ↑ Indiana Jones and the Staff of Kings (DS versions)